Altered urination.
This is one of the subtle yet significant signs that may point to the early stages of this disease. A person may feel the need to go to the toilet frequently, even when they are not suffering from any unpleasant symptoms. These symptoms are often mistaken for stress or temporary bodily disruptions, making them easy to overlook. However, if you feel significant changes in your body, you should be careful and monitor your condition. After all, in most cases of this disease, damage to the fibres of the spinal cord or brain disrupts the transmission of nerve signals that are responsible for controlling bladder functions. The sooner these signs are recognized, the better the chances of maintaining quality of life and preventing complications. Do not hesitate to see a doctor, even if the symptom seems delicate.
Fine motor skill issues.
At first glance, these may seem like minor inconveniences: fastening buttons becomes trickier, tying shoelaces takes longer, or holding a spoon feels awkward. Movements that were once automatic now require more effort and concentration. These changes occur because the transmission of nerve impulses between the brain and the muscles of the hands is disrupted. As a result, precision, coordination, and strength in hand movements begin to decline. A person may also notice a slight tremor, weakness, or numbness in the fingers, which makes everyday tasks even more difficult. If issues with fine motor skills begin to happen more frequently or become a persistent problem, it’s a strong reason to consult a neurologist.
Difficulty swallowing.
At first, this symptom may go unnoticed, but over time, swallowing can become increasingly challenging. It becomes difficult for a person to swallow not only solid food but also liquids. This is due to a malfunction of the nerve fibres that coordinate the muscles responsible for swallowing. As a result of a malfunction in the transmission of signals from the brain to these muscles, even this normal process can cause unpleasant symptoms. In more severe cases, food or drink can enter the airway, triggering coughing, choking, or even increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia. If you notice discomfort or frequent coughing while eating, you should see a doctor. A specialist will examine you and, if the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is confirmed, prescribe certain medications, such as Dantrium, Lioresal and Pacifen.
Sudden electric-shock pain along the spine.
This symptom, also known as Lhermitte’s phenomenon, is a sharp, rapid pain similar to an electric shock that starts in the back of the head and runs along the spine, sometimes radiating to the arms or legs. It typically occurs when bending the head forward or during sudden neck movements. Unlike muscular pain or chronic backache, this sensation is sudden, intense, and fleeting, often described as if a jolt of electricity is running through the body. This reaction is associated with injury to the nerve fibres in the cervical segment of the spinal cord, where the protective myelin sheath is gradually destroyed. Even though this type of pain may last only a moment and occur sporadically, it should never be ignored. It is a sign classic of early neurological changes and warrants evaluation by a neurologist.
Light sensitivity or eye pain in bright light.
A person may begin to experience discomfort or even acute pain in the eye, especially when moving the eyeball or being exposed to bright light. Images may appear dull, colours less saturated, and the world around them blurred. Sometimes this can be accompanied by a sharp deterioration of vision in one eye. It’s important to understand that these changes are not just fatigue or the result of prolonged exposure to screens. If they do not go away in a few days or worsen, this may be the first warning sign that indicates a central nervous system disorder. It is important not to ignore this condition, but to consult a specialist immediately to identify the cause.
If you notice one or more symptoms that could indicate multiple sclerosis, it’s important not to delay or ignore the signals from your body. The first and most important step is to consult a neurologist. Only a specialist can conduct the necessary tests, establish an accurate diagnosis, and prescribe the appropriate treatment. The earlier the problem is detected, the more effectively its progression can be managed, helping to maintain quality of life. Avoid self-diagnosis or self-treatment — multiple sclerosis requires an individualized approach and professional supervision.